As if homeowners didn’t have enough to worry about, they can now add toxic gasses emitted by imported Chinese drywall to the list.

Increasing evidence indicates that some of the over 500 million pounds of drywall shipped to the U.S. from China during the housing boom following Hurricane Katrina contained potentially toxic materials that can release gasses believed to be responsible for damaging homes and causing health problems.


Risks to Health and Home

The toxic drywall emits corrosive gasses that can damage your home’s systems and endanger your family’s health. It’s important to be aware of the potential hazards. You may notice a strong sulfur smell, like rotten eggs, permeating your home. People have reported health issues such as headaches, respiratory problems, irritated eyes, and nosebleeds. 

The toxic gas corrodes copper and tarnishes silver, causing computers, T.V.s, air conditioners, and refrigerators to fail. Even electrical wiring and switches have been affected, as have the silver on mirrors and jewelry.

The noxious sulfur emissions can damage your home’s electrical system and appliances. Copper components and wiring rapidly corrode when exposed to the gasses. This leads to the complete failure of air conditioning, refrigerators, computers, and electronics dependent on copper wiring. Sadly, replacing these damaged systems is quite expensive and disruptive.


When Imported

The defective drywall entered the United States mainly between 2004 and 2008, when rebuilding peaked after hurricanes damaged Gulf Coast and southern Atlantic homes. With domestic drywall supply strained, contractors used cheap Chinese imports to meet demand.

Problematic drywall is widespread and may have been used in homes rebuilt after any natural disaster, not just hurricanes. While most impacted homes are in Florida and Louisiana after Hurricanes Ivan and Katrina, the issue is nationwide. To date, problems have surfaced in 37 states and Canada. Homeowners as far as California, Massachusetts, and Michigan have reported sulfur smells and corrosion.


Tests Conducted

Scientific testing has uncovered the source of the problem with imported Chinese drywall.

Multiple studies have found abnormal sulfur compound and chemical levels in Chinese versus American drywall samples. Humidity and heat typical of southern climates accelerate the “off-gassing” of the sulfur molecules, circulating them via air ducts.

Tests conducted for the Florida Department of Health found small amounts of the chemical strontium sulfide in samples of imported wallboard. When combined with humid air, trace amounts of the toxic gasses hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, and carbonyl sulfide were released.

Tests conducted on imported Chinese drywall by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found sulfur levels from 83 to 119 parts per million (ppm). Sulfur was not detected in the samples of U.S.-made drywall that were tested.

Canva

In addition, strontium was found at 2,570 to 2,670 ppm levels in the imported drywall and 244 to 1,130 ppm in the U.S. manufactured drywall. Two organic compounds usually associated with acrylic paint were detected in the imported drywall but not found in U.S.-made drywall.

While research continues, we know that the gasses are likely released through a chemical reaction between drywall ingredients and moisture, then damage copper wiring and coils, releasing more contaminants in a toxic home cycle.


Products Involved

The Knauf group of Germany, operating Chinese factories through subsidiaries such as Knauf Plasterboard Tianjin, has been most frequently identified as manufacturing defective drywall. Taishan Gypsum Co. is another Chinese manufacturer named in multiple lawsuits.

However, identifying the manufacturer is challenging since drywall was often sold in bulk without markings and repackaged or relabeled before delivery.


What to Do

It’s impossible to determine the origin or manufacturer of installed drywall without removing sections of it, and even then, drywall is often poorly marked on the back or not marked at all. Since some imported drywall doesn’t appear to cause a problem, the best way to know if your house is at risk is the sulfur smell and by checking the copper in appliances for signs of corrosion.

Most defective Chinese drywall was bought in bulk by contractors and wasn’t sold at major national home improvement chains. Many top U.S. manufacturers — including Georgia Pacific, National Gypsum, American Gypsum, and USG — have stated that they do not import drywall from China. While some companies label their drywall as made in the U.S., others do not give a country of origin. When in doubt, try contacting the drywall manufacturer directly.

Contact a certified inspector to test for abnormal sulfur levels if you suspect contaminated drywall. In most cases, the only remedy is removing all problematic drywall and remediating it to protect structural integrity.

Today’s Homeowner Tips

You should document any expenses related to testing or remediation for potential legal claims. Consult an attorney about possible options, as class action lawsuits have been filed against manufacturers, suppliers, and builders to recover damages.


So, Is Toxic Chinese Drywall Still a Threat?

Despite increased awareness and legal measures, the danger persists. If you’re considering an older home, scrutinize it for corrosion and ensure there’s proof of remediation. Remember, while new regulations oversee drywall safety, the aftermath continues to affect numerous homeowners.


FAQs About Toxic Chinese Drywall

How can I tell if my home contains toxic Chinese drywall?

Look for copper corrosion, a strong sulfur smell, and rapid silver tarnishing. Have an inspector test for high sulfur levels.


What health effects are linked to contaminated drywall?

People have reported headaches, respiratory and eye irritation, and nosebleeds. Long-term effects are still being studied, but the gasses may worsen asthma.


Is it safe to live in a home with toxic drywall?

Prolonged exposure poses risks, especially for children and seniors. Consult your doctor if you have been living in a home with toxic drywall. Experts recommend moving out until full remediation.


Does home insurance cover toxic drywall damages?

Standard policies usually exclude gradual contaminant damage. Check for builder warranty coverage. Legal action may be required to cover the cost of remediation.


What is the remedy for toxic Chinese drywall?

All contaminated drywall must be removed and replaced. You should also replace damaged wiring, piping, and components.


What preventative measures are now in place?

Stricter China manufacturing standards, drywall origin labeling requirements, and U.S. customs contaminant testing help prevent problematic imports.



December 15, 2011 Update

A settlement has been announced with Knauf Plasterboard Tianjin Co. to repair over 4,000 homes with problems from their drywall. Claims against others involved with tainted Chinese drywall are still unsettled. Read more.

Editorial Contributors
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Abbie Clark

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Abbie Clark is a writer and blogger. She is the founder of "Hey She Thrives", where she writes about all things motherhood, coupled with expert cleaning tips that echo the warmth and order of a loving home. She is also the co founder of "RideRambler." There, you can find all of the info you'll ever need on DIY car fixes and Auto news.When not writing, you can find Abbie chasing her toddler, trying a new cookie recipe, or fishing with her husband.

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Amy DeYoung

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Amy DeYoung has a passion for educating and motivating homeowners to improve their lives through home improvement projects and preventative measures. She is a content writer and editor specializing in pest control, moving, window, and lawn/gardening content for Today’s Homeowner. Amy utilizes her own experience within the pest control and real estate industry to educate readers. She studied business, communications, and writing at Arizona State University.

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