Hail is a formidable foe for any homeowner, especially when it comes to protecting the roof. Hail bombards homes with chunks of ice that vary in size and speed, and there’s always a chance it can cause significant damage. While windows are a concern during a hailstorm, the roof often bears the brunt of the assault. Even minor roof damage from hail can cause compounding problems. Here’s a look at how hail affects different roofing materials and a guide on what to look for after a storm.
What Size of Hail Causes Roof Damage?
The size of hail that can cause damage to a roof depends on various factors, including the roofing material, the age of the roof, and the velocity of the hailstones. While any size hail can potentially cause harm, certain thresholds are generally recognized as more likely to result in significant damage.
Dime-Sized Hail
Hail as small as a dime (about 0.75 inches in diameter) is usually considered non-threatening to most roofs. However, these tiny ice pellets can still pose a risk to older or already damaged roofing materials. For instance, asphalt shingles that are nearing the end of their lifespan may suffer from dime-sized hail, especially if the storm is particularly intense or long-lasting.
Quarter-Sized Hail
When hail reaches the size of a quarter (about 1 inch in diameter), the potential for damage increases. This size can start to cause visible wear on roofing materials, particularly asphalt shingles. Quarter-sized hail may not necessarily puncture or break roofing materials, but it can accelerate erosion and wear.
Half-Dollar Size and Larger
Hail that is half-dollar sized (1.25 inches) or larger presents a significant risk to all types of roofing materials. At this size, hailstones can crack or break shingles, dent metal roofing, and even damage slate tiles. Homeowners should always inspect their roofs after a storm with hail of this magnitude, as the damage can be immediate and severe.
How To Tell if Your Roof Has Hail Damage
Always wait until the hailstorm and threat of severe weather have passed before going outside to inspect the damage.
Prior to climbing onto the roof, homeowners should conduct a ground-level inspection. Look for signs of damage to outdoor items, such as patio furniture, cars, or garden decorations. If these items show dents or dings, it’s likely the roof has sustained some level of damage as well. You may even notice roofing materials on the ground or a leak in the home. However, don’t wait until a leak forms before inspecting the roof.
You can also check the roof’s metal components, such as flashing, vents, and gutters, which often show hail damage more clearly than other materials. Look for dents or dings in gutters, downspouts, and the metal flashing around chimneys, vents, or skylights. Damage to metal roof vents or turbines may also be visible.
Different roofing materials show damage in various ways, so homeowners need to know what to look for based on their specific roof type. If you’re not comfortable inspecting the roof, you can contact a professional for a free inspection.
Asphalt and Other Soft Tile Roofs
Asphalt shingles, the most common roofing material in many areas, can show hail damage in several ways:
- Dark spots where granules have been knocked off the shingles, exposing the substrate beneath
- Shingles with circular or oval-shaped dents, which may feel soft to the touch
- Cracks or splits in the shingles, particularly around the edges
- An accumulation of granules in the gutters and downspouts, which can indicate significant shingle damage
Slate and Ceramic Roofs
Slate and ceramic tiles are durable but can still sustain hail damage. Tiles may be cracked, chipped, broken, or punctured. Due to the fragility and expense of these materials, it’s often best to have a professional inspect the roof after a hailstorm.
Metal Roofs
Metal roofs are known for their durability, but they’re not impervious to hail damage. Homeowners should look for dents, dings, scratches, and scuff marks. Check the roof’s protective coating. If it’s compromised, it could lead to rust.
Hail Damage Roof Insurance Claims
When faced with significant hail damage, many homeowners turn to their insurance policies for coverage. Here’s a quick look at what you can expect if you wish to file a claim with your homeowner’s insurance.
Step 1: Filing a Claim
To initiate a claim, homeowners should locate their insurance policy and note the policy number. Take note of the deductible, as this can make planning for roof repairs easier.
Next, document the date and time of the hailstorm. The insurance company will likely ask you about the size of the hail. You can estimate or check local weather records, but if there is still hail on the ground, photograph it next to a ruler or measuring tape to get an exact measurement.
Finally, take photos or videos of any damage to your roof and home that was caused by the storm. You can then contact your insurance company to report the claim and receive a claim number. Keep the number in a safe place for easy reference.
Step 2: Claims Adjustment
Once a claim is filed, the insurance company will typically send an adjuster to inspect the damage. The adjuster will examine the roof and other property for signs of hail damage. They may take measurements and photographs to document the extent of the damage.
If a professional roofer has already inspected the property, their findings can be shared with the adjuster.
Step 3: The Ruling
After the inspection, the insurance company will make a determination on the claim. Factors that influence the decision include the overall condition of the roof prior to the storm, the extent and severity of the damage, and the age and quality of the roofing materials.
Homeowners should carefully review the ruling and discuss any concerns with their insurance provider before accepting a settlement.
Repairing Hail Damage To Your Roof
The approach to roof repairs depends on the extent of the damage and the homeowner’s specific circumstances.
Before proceeding with repairs, homeowners should weigh several factors:
- Budget: Consider both out-of-pocket costs and insurance coverage when planning repairs.
- Roofing material: Some materials, including asphalt shingles, are easier for DIY repairs than others, such as slate tiles or ceramic materials.
- Time sensitivity: Severe damage may demand immediate action to prevent further issues, while minor damage might be able to wait until the warmer months. Incoming inclement weather could also necessitate quick repairs.
- Long-term plans: If you’re thinking about selling the home soon, a full roof replacement might be more beneficial than spot repairs.
Roof Repair Options
Homeowners generally have three main options for addressing hail damage:
- DIY is suitable for minor hail damage to asphalt shingles, such as replacing a few damaged shingles or applying sealant to small cracks.
- Professional is more appropriate for extensive damage or when dealing with specialized roofing materials, including slate or metal.
- Full roof replacement might be necessary for severe damage or if the roof was already nearing the end of its lifespan before the hailstorm.
When deciding on a repair method, homeowners should take into account their skill level and the intricacy of the repair.
Choosing the Right Contractor
Whether your roof needs minor repairs or a full replacement, it’s important to go with the right contractor. Research local contractors with strong reputations and positive reviews. Reach out to several to request detailed written estimates to compare costs and the scope of work. You can also ask for references.
Before you hire a roofing contractor, verify their licensing and insurance coverage. Read over any contracts before signing.
Final Thoughts About Hail Roof Damage
Hail damage to roofs is a serious concern that requires prompt attention and careful consideration. Homeowners equipped with the knowledge and tips listed above can quickly jump into action to better protect their homes and investments.
