How To Change Air Filters

Changing air filters can help improve indoor air quality and help your heating and cooling systems run more efficiently. This can potentially lower energy bills and extend the life of the equipment, saving you money. However, it can only benefit you if you know how to do it right. This guide shares the step-by-step process for changing filters, offers tips on filter selection, and provides insights on maintaining optimal air quality in the home.

Why Are Air Filters Important?

Air filters trap bacteria, allergens, and pollutants, which helps purify the air inside your home. A clean filter helps your HVAC system run at its best, improves the air quality, and can even extend the unit’s life. 

Changing air filters regularly offers several advantages for homeowners. Clean air filters can even reduce asthma or respiratory symptoms. Homeowners can enjoy better air quality and save money on energy costs and repairs in the long run, especially if regular maintenance is a requirement of your home warranty policy. 

How To Change Your HVAC Filter

Changing an HVAC filter is a simple DIY process that most homeowners can easily handle by following these steps.

1. Locate Your Filter

The first step is to find where the HVAC filter is located. It’s typically in one of two places: in the blower compartment of the air handling unit or in a return air grille in a wall or ceiling.

2. Determine the Filter Size

Before purchasing a new filter, check the size of the current one. The dimensions are usually printed on the filter frame. Standard sizes include 16x20x1, 16x25x1, and 20x25x1 inches. 

3. Remove the Old Filter

Turn off the HVAC system for safety. Then, carefully remove the old filter from its housing. Take note of which direction the arrow on the filter is pointing, as this indicates the correct airflow direction for installation.

4. Insert the New Filter

Open the new filter and insert it into the housing. Double-check that the arrow is pointing in the same direction as the old filter, indicating the correct airflow. Secure the filter in place according to the housing design.

5. Turn On Your System and Check

Turn the HVAC system back on once the new filter is securely in place. Check that it’s running correctly and listen for any unusual noises.

When To Change Air Filters

The frequency of air filter changes depends on the type of filter, household characteristics, and local air quality. Generally, homeowners should plan to replace their filters at least twice a year. However, I recommend monthly checks to keep your air fresh, flowing, and clean.

You may have to change your filters more frequently depending on the number of pets in the home, the number of occupants, local air quality, and if anyone in your household has allergies or respiratory conditions. 

Types of Air Filters

When it’s time to replace an air filter, homeowners have several options. Each type of filter offers different benefits and levels of filtration. When selecting a filter, consider the household’s specific needs and the HVAC system’s capabilities. Some high-efficiency filters may restrict airflow too much for certain systems, so if you’re unsure, consult a professional.

• Fiberglass filters: These basic filters are inexpensive and you should replace them monthly. They offer minimal filtration but can be sufficient for homes without specific air quality concerns.
• Pleated filters: This type of filter offers better filtration than fiberglass and can last three to six months. They remove a significant percentage of air pollutants, making them an excellent middle-ground option.
• Electrostatic filters: While more expensive up-front, you can reuse them, which is more cost-effective in the long run. These filters use an electric charge to attract and trap particles.
• HEPA filters: High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are the most effective, filtering at least 99% of air pollutants. They’re ideal for homes with allergy sufferers or those in areas with poor air quality.

Tips for Maintaining Your HVAC System

Changing air filters regularly is just one aspect of HVAC maintenance. Scheduling an annual check-up by a professional HVAC technician can help catch potential issues early and ensure the system is running at peak efficiency. During this visit, the technician will typically check refrigerant levels, inspect for leaks in ductwork, measure airflow, check electrical connections, and verify thermostat accuracy.

Between professional visits, homeowners can perform some basic maintenance tasks, such as checking filters monthly, replacing them as needed, and keeping the outdoor unit clear of debris and vegetation. You’ll also want to clean the evaporator and condenser coils annually and clear condensate drain lines to prevent clogs. 

By combining professional maintenance with regular DIY care, homeowners can significantly extend the life of their HVAC system and maintain optimal indoor air quality.

How To Clean Reusable Air Filters

If you have reusable filters, you’ll need to clean them so they maintain their efficiency. Follow these steps to clean your reusable filters:

1. Turn off the HVAC system for safety.
2. Remove the filter carefully to avoid spreading dust.
3. Vacuum loose debris from the filter.
4. Rinse the filter with water from a garden hose.
5. Soak the filter in a mixture of equal parts water and white vinegar for one to four hours for a deeper clean.
6. Rinse thoroughly and allow the filter to dry completely before reinstalling (this prevents mold growth).
7. Reinstall the dry filter, ensuring it’s facing the correct direction for airflow.

Improving Your Home Air Quality

Maintaining proper indoor air quality goes beyond just changing air filters. A few additional steps can make a significant impact on the air quality within your home. Air purifiers can capture tiny particles that filters might miss. Choose a purifier compatible with the room’s size and the specific pollutants present in your home. HEPA filters in air purifiers can provide extra protection against allergens and pollutants.

Keep indoor humidity levels between 45% and 55% to reduce the growth of mold and mildew. Use a dehumidifier in damp areas of the home and a humidifier in dry areas during colder months. This balance helps in maintaining healthy indoor air quality.

Regular ventilation can improve indoor air quality by reducing the concentration of indoor pollutants. Opening windows and doors whenever possible allows fresh air to circulate through your home. Exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens can also help to vent out pollutants.

When painting or renovating, opt for low-VOC (volatile organic compounds) products to reduce the emission of harmful chemicals. The same goes for household cleaning products. Choose natural or low-VOC alternatives to improve indoor air quality.